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31
result(s) for
"Art, Manichaean."
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Another Case of Human Semen Eucharist Among the Manichaeans? Notes on the 'Ceremony of the Fig' in Cyril of Jerusalem's \Catechesis\ VI
The article focuses on a neglected passage in Cyril of Jerusalem's Catechesis VI in which he speaks of the curious Manichaean 'ceremony of the fig'. After providing the Greek text and a fresh translation of Cat. VI,33, an analysis is given of its contents. Noting that Cyril seems to have been well acquainted with those books of the Manichaeans (in all likelihood Mani's Treasure) in which the myth of the Seduction of the Archons was told, I provide an overview and analysis of his description of the Manichaean 'ceremony of the fig'. Cyril's account seems to be corroborated by one or, perhaps, even two of the miniatures from Central Asia in which figs appear to be central in Manichaean sacred meals.
Journal Article
Manichaean Imagery of Christ as God's Right Hand
The article examines the conspicuous references to God's 'Right Hand' in Manichaeism by analysing texts from both Western and Eastern sources. The analysed texts prove that the eye-catching imagery (directly or indirectly) refers to Christ. Perhaps this imagery of Christ as God's Right Hand also had its place in Manichaean art. The article aims to function as background for a subsequent study of Augustine's portrayal of Christ as manus or dextera Dei in his Confessions.
Journal Article
Cathar 'Time-Focused Dualism'—An Argument for the Eastern Origins of Catharism
The starting point of this article is the conception of Bernard Hamilton from 1974 assuming that the Bogomil Church of Drugunthia was formed under Paulician influence. Its radically dualistic doctrine was later accepted by some Cathars described in the sources as belonging to the Drugunthian order (ordo Drugonthiae). The article attempts to verify this concept through doctrinal analysis, and to answer the question whether distinctive features of the Paulician doctrine can be found in the teachings of the Cathars of the Drugunthian order. Analysis of sources of various provenance-polemical, inquisitorial and Cathar (the so called \"Manichaean Treatise\")-show clearly that traces of specific Paulician \"time-focused dualism\" can be found in Cathar teachings, which confirms Hamilton's conception and is an important argument for the Eastern origins of Catharism.
Journal Article
The Temple Tabernacle in M28/I/: An Anti-Judeo-Christian Polemic Strophe
The strophe M28/I/R/i/24-27/, part of a Middle Persian Manichaean abecedarian hymn published in 1995 by P. O. Skjærvø has long represented a riddle: specially the meaning of šmbyd. The proposal by Durkin-Meisterernst to understand it as ‘curtain’ allows to propose a new translation of the whole strophe, which is evidently a polemic text alluding to passages of Exodus 25 and 26, where the Tabernacle of the Temple is described.
Journal Article
Mediaeval Manichaean Book Art
This volume is a pioneer study focused on a corpus of 89 fragments of exquisitely illuminated manuscripts that were produced under the patronage of the Turkic-speaking Uygurs in the Turfan region of East Central Asia between the 8th and 11th centuries CE. Through detailed analyses and interpretations aided by precise computer drawings, the author introduces an important group of primary sources for future comparative research in Central Asian art, mediaeval book illumination, and Manichaean studies.
eBook
John Chrysostom on Manichaeism
This article examines John Chrysostom’s (ca. 349–407 CE) statements about Manichaeism. The study enquires regarding the extent of Chrysostom’s knowledge of Manichaean beliefs and practices, and whether he possibly had contact with Manichaeans. The study is not so much interested in determining how accurately or inaccurately Chrysostom understands and characterises Manichaeism, although at some points the analysis does venture into some of these issues. In the first instance, Chrysostom’s views about Manichaean theology and, especially, Christology are delineated. Proceeding from the negative evaluation of the material cosmos in Manichaeism, the study then looks at Chrysostom’s critique of Manichaean views of the body, especially as it relates to freedom of choice. Chrysostom’s accusations of Manichaean practices, namely, starving as salvation and the accusation of castration, are also examined. Finally, Chrysostom’s response to the Manichaean rejection of a corporeal resurrection is analysed, after which some conclusions are drawn.
Journal Article
Mani, Augustine and the vision of God
The recovery of the text of the Manichaean daily prayers provides an opportunity to consider how their recitation and practice may have influenced the young Augustine. It is argued that the prayers focused the mental and indeed physical gaze of the believer on the manifestation of God in this present reality, and through that upon the transcendent eternal world of future hope. If one accepts that Augustine as a Manichaean catechumen would have partaken in this most basic of the community’s religious duties then one must consider what effect this could have had on the development of his own striking and influential teachings about the vision of God. The article discusses evident allusions to this Manichaean practice in Augustine’s writings, and suggests that its influence continued through his later life despite his disavowal of his former faith. In particular, attention is drawn to similarities between the Manichaean ‘new aeon’ and the ‘heaven of heaven’ in Augustine’s writings, where the pure of heart can look forward to unmediated contemplation of God.
Journal Article
God, memory and beauty: A Manichaean analysis of Augustine’s Confessions, Book X
The article first sketches some main trends in the recent study of Augustine’s Confessions as a work aimed at Manichaean readers. It then detects and analyses the Manichaean-inspired parts in Book X of the Confessions. Augustine’s famous theory of memory seems to be directly inspired by Manichaean concepts such as found in the Coptic Manichaean Kephalaia. The article end with a number of conclusions.
Journal Article
Night and days in Cassiciacum: The anti-Manichaean theodicy of Augustine’s De ordine
In his early dialogue ‘On order’ (De ordine) Augustine dramatises a discussion of theodicy in which the Manichaean solution is clearly rejected, even though the debate ends in aporia. It is argued in this paper that the dialogue’s dramatic setting at the villa in Cassiciacum is strongly reminiscent of Manichaean imagery and the stock motifs of the Manichaean mythological system. It is proposed in the dialogue itself, that the scenic elements (Augustine’s ill health, night and darkness, the dawning day, dirt and ugliness, fighting cocks) have the character of signs which illustrate the significance of the not-beautiful and the negative in the divine order. The dialogue setting thus presents an ontological scale that leads from the levels of reduced being up to the highest being, linking night or darkness to light or day, dirt to purity, sickness to health, defeat to victory, the ugly to the beautiful. The dialogue setting becomes a semiotic system in which even the ontologically deficient forms of phenomenon always also refer to something at the highest level, namely the omnipotent divine creator. The scenic design of De ordine can thus be read as an extension of the Manichaean system of codes, and hence as a message also addressed to a Manichaean readership.
Journal Article